could be estimated in a continuously variable way
by smoothing the quadratic found in its numerator
and separately smoothing the denominator
before forming the ratio.
I do not see any reason why this should not be practical
but I do not know how much quality difference would result
from continuous gradation.
It seems a worthwhile study.
Another view is that the innards of burone()
are nearly
the conjugate of the four confusing loops,
but the conjugacy is not explicitly developed here.
In fact,
the present treatment of weighting functions is not conjugate.
The approach in this paper assumes a single plane wave at every location. Although this assumption will surely be wrong in some places (where there will be none, or two, or more) it may be the most sensible launching pad for nonlinear iteration. An inversion that launches itself from zero-valued missing data, for example, might be doomed by the nonlinearity and distance from the final solution. It might be worthwhile to formally extend the model in that way in the direction of chapter 8 in PVI 1992 which handles several simultaneous dips.