Kinematics of 3-D angle-domain common-image gathers for migration velocity analysis

Thomas Tisserant and Biondo Biondi

thomas@sep.stanford.edu, biondo@sep.stanford.edu

ABSTRACT

We extend the study of the kinematic properties of 2-D offset- and angle-domain common-image gathers to the general 3-D problem. We examine how the use of an incorrect migration velocity affects the behavior of the image in the offset and angle domains.

We show that the general 3-D case with and without the correct migration velocity can be cast into a 2-D formulation, making it possible to apply existing theory from 2-D. We illustrate both ray-tracing and plane-wave approaches to the problem and verify our theoretical results with a synthetic model.