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Multi-offset imaging for shot-profile migration

I produce angle gathers for shot-profile migrations by combining de Bruin et al.'s 1990 approach with that of Sava and Fomel (2000). Rather than extracting a single zero-offset/zero-time reflectivity image, I extract multiple zero-time images with a range of offsets. In 2-D this can be performed with the following sum over frequency:  
 \begin{displaymath}
I(x,h,z) = \sum_\omega \; q_{-}(x-h,z,\omega)
\; q_{+}(x+h,z,\omega)^\ast.\end{displaymath} (128)
Gathers produced this way contain off-diagonal elements of Berkhout's reflectivity matrix 1985, and are equivalent to those produced by imaging multiple non-zero offsets in an offset-midpoint shot-geophone migration. Consequently, the offset axes can be mapped to angle with Sava and Fomel's 2000 transformation, which is based on the relationship
\begin{displaymath}
\tan \gamma = -\left. \frac{\partial z}{\partial h} \right\vert _{t,x}
= -\frac{\vert\vec{k_h}\vert}{k_z},\end{displaymath} (129)
where $\gamma$ is the half-opening angle. The imaging condition (t=0) provides the constant t, and the common midpoint nature of CIGs provides the constant x, allowing $\gamma$ to be obtained directly from CIGs.



 
next up previous print clean
Next: Shot to midpoint transformations Up: Common-image gathers for shot-profile Previous: Introduction
Stanford Exploration Project
5/27/2001