Conclusions

We have presented a 3-D study of the kinematic of angle-domain common-image gather. Knowing the theory in 2-D, we showed how a 3-D configuration can be casted in a 2-D formulation. The transition is straightforward when a correct velocity is used since the plane of the propagation is the plane in which the problem becomes 2-D. In the less obvious problem where an incorrect migration velocity is used, we have defined an apparent propagation plane that fulfills the same objective. We have presented both a ray-based and a plane-wave approach. The kinematic observations made with ray-tracing have been verified on a synthetic dataset.