Acknowledgments

The great majority of the research described in the following pages was performed from 1981--2006 while I was in the employ of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, which was operated for the U. S. Department of Energy by the Regents of the University of California during this time period. This work was performed under contract No. W-7405-ENG-48 and, from 1983--2006, it was supported either fully or in part by the Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of Energy Research within the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences. The EMSP or Environmental Management Sciences Program of DOE was also a major source of support for several years. Since July, 2006, I have been employed by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, which is operated again for the U.S. Department of Energy by the Regents of the University of California. The Geosciences Research Program of the DOE Office of Energy Research is again a major supprorter of the research I have done since 2006.