don't speak often, but prepare well. repeat good talks. win reputation and confidence of a good speaker. speaking is efficient since any minute your number of listeners spent that minute listening. don't waste their time. if you have nothing to say, don't say anything and be brief with it. Churchil: ^^^^^^^^^ start strongly: no joke, but a quotation, a drama, or an anecdote theme one: single message simple language paint a picture orally: iron curtain!! end emotionally: pride, love: country, people, god!! Don't talk about World War 2. Talk about the battle of the bulge. Talk about a day in the battle of the Bulge. Talk about private Tom at that day in the battle of the bulge. I: ^^ Write slides first! An presentation is 90% an advetisement and only 10% an information carrier. Books, lectures etc are 90% information carrier and 10% advertisement (are they?) one or two strong messages (possibly only one): keymessage if possible in a single image: key image avoid topics where you can not add much new information if things are abstract: show a single detailed example (certain things cannot be explained but must be experienced) Avoid side tracked statements: don't talk about anything that deserves a presentation by itself your audience will not understand your point structure talk: brief problem (one sentence) great solution (one image) details: problem exactly solution detailed possible improvements summary state of affairs