Introduction

It is well known that in an anisotropic medium, an isotropic migration with the right velocity locates dipping reflections in an erroneous vertical and lateral position (, ). Moreover, the final migrated image looks undermigrated. () presented a 2-D prestack time migration based on the stationary phase approximation of the in-line offset wavenumber. In addition, he presented a 3-D poststack time DSR operator for P-waves as a function of $\eta$ and the vertical NMO velocity V_NMO. This last result is very important because a vertical transversely depends on only two parameters.

() introduce the basis of time processing for heterogeneous anisotropic media based on the NMO-velocity and the $\eta$ parameter. They show that the vertical velocity is necessary for the time-to-depth conversion but it is not necessary for imaging (or mapping). In order to avoid working in depth, () redefine the P-wave equation in vertical time or pseudo-depth.

This paper extends the DSR operator to handle lateral velocity variations for anisotropic media for P-waves presented by Alkhalifah (1997). Using the extended split-step method, the DSR operator is approximated to include lateral velocity variations, through the definition of reference velocities for every downward continuation step (). The results in this paper are obtained by keeping constant the $\eta$ parameter during the downward continuation and by defining a number of reference $\eta$ in the same fashion as the velocity. A more general approach will be addressed in future papers.

The anisotropic migration algorithm presented in this paper is a modified version of the extended isotropic split-step depth migration that I also present in this report (). The main modifications are the inclusion of the $\eta$ parameter, and the downward continuation is in pseudo-depth, in the same fashion as isotropic migrations work ().